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Becoming a gondolier: The long journey to riding Venice’s waterways

With their straw hats and their stripy shirts, the gondoliers lining the canals of Venice are proud members of one of Italy’s oldest and most impenetrable clubs. Each holds the coveted gondolier licence, the prize reward for lengthy training and exams, and many were born into gondolier families.

Becoming a gondolier: The long journey to riding Venice's waterways
Alex Hai at the Jarach Gallery in Venice. Photo: Rosie Scammell

Not so for Alex Hai. Born in 1960s Hamburg, he studied film in San Francisco before a research trip to Venice led to a dramatic career shift.

“It was not really my plan…it was like destiny,” Hai told The Local at Venice’s Jarach Gallery, during an exhibit of photographs showing Hai at work.

“A film production offered me some research work and sent me here, then everything turned in a different direction,” he says of his trip to Venice 18 years ago.

“I wanted to see the gondolier’s perspective of the city…while I was doing that, the gondolier offered for me to become one,” Hai remembers.

A strong rapport with a progressive gondolier will only go so far, however.

Hai took up his offer and began training at one of Venice’s gondolier stations, but failed the exam to gain a license.

“Those people who were positive [about me becoming a gondolier] all got kicked out just before I did my first exams,” he says.

“At first, I thought it was maybe my fault, but then I realized it had nothing to do with the skills.”

Hai repeated the exam unsuccessfully and the gondolier’s association contested his suggestion of prejudice. Despite not gaining a licence he began working privately for a hotel, touring guests around Venice, which was allowed legally but had not been tried before.

Hai’s new-found employment caused waves in the city’s waterways, leading to a court battle over his right to work privately. He won the case in 2007 and has been paddling tourists through the city ever since.

'It’s like playing the violin'

Despite describing the life of a gondolier as “magical” and “like poetry”, Hai admits to having “good days and bad days” on the water.

“One of the most difficult things to learn is your physical capability for the day…At the beginning you can get exhausted very quickly without understanding where it’s coming from,” he says.

It takes about an hour to bail out a rain-filled gondola and high winds can make for a stressful journey, according to Hai.

“It’s a very technical affair…you can compare it to playing the violin,” he says. “It’s something very precise which you need to do over and over again in order to get fluid.”

Even after years in the job, Hai says concentration is essential, especially in the crowded canals; in August, a German tourist died after the gondola he was on collided with a waterbus.

READ MORE: Venice makeover looms after gondola death

But despite such worries, Hai says he still loves his job. “The most enjoyable part is being constantly reminded by my clients how beautiful this city is; they always find something new to ask me or see something I haven’t seen before,” he says.

After early setbacks, he says he has now been accepted by many of the Venetians in the trade and predicts more women will soon be picking up gondola oars.

As immigration to Italy continues, Hai muses that the canals of Venice could soon be opening up not only to women but a wealth of other nationalities. “For sure, we’re going to have some Asian people doing it in the future, because they’re living here now,” he says.

According to Hai, to suceed they will need “a lot of training – and determination”.

Editorial note, June 2017: This article was first published after an interview with Alex Hai in March 2014 under the headline 'The foreign woman riding Venice's waterways'. On June 21st, 2017, Hai released a statement for the press, which can be read in full here, confirming that he was transgender. The article has been updated to reflect Hai's gender and correct pronouns.

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VENICE

Water buses, ferries and taxis: How to use Venice’s public transport

Whether you're thinking of moving to Venice or just planning on visiting, getting to grips with the city's public transport system will be one of your first priorities.

Water buses, ferries and taxis: How to use Venice’s public transport

With its intricate maze of canals, bridges, squares and narrow alleyways, Venice is a city like no other in Italy. 

And its unique urban landscape means that the local transport infrastructure is also very different from the standard mix of trams, buses and commuter trains found in most other Italian cities. 

Navigating the Floating City’s dense network of water buses, ferries, taxis and gondolas can be daunting at first for newcomers, but some essential info about available services and tickets can help you adjust to it sooner than you might expect.   

Water buses

The main island of Venice and smaller islands in the lagoon (Murano, Burano, Torcello, Lido, etc.) are serviced by a large network of water buses (vaporetti) operated by public transport operator ACTV. 

According to the operator’s website, the network boasts 26 lines and over 100 floating stops (imbarcaderi). 

Vaporetti are by and large the most popular transport option for both residents and tourists, with services on the main routes (Grand Canal, Santa Lucia and Piazzale Roma stations) running every 10 to 20 minutes.

Most lines run until a little after midnight, and are then replaced by nighttime services (linea N) until around 5am (these services are less frequent and have longer travel times as they tend to cover multiple daytime routes).

Nearly all of the smaller islands (Murano, Burano, Torcello, Lido, Pellestrina) have round-the-clock services.

ACTV’s mobile app AVM and the Che Bateo (‘Which boat’) app can both be very handy if you’re travelling around the city as they show the nearest water bus stop and the first available vaporetto going to your destination. 

A map of Venice’s ACTV public transport network.

A map of Venice’s ACTV public transport network. Source: ACTV

Tickets and passes 

ACTV offers a wide range of tickets and passes to customers, so you’ll have no shortage of options to chose between. Here are some of the most popular.

Single ticket: A single ticket is valid for 75 minutes and gives access to the water service network, as well as ACTV buses in Mestre, Lido and Pellestrina. Each ticket costs €9.50.

Daily ticket: A daily ticket will get you unlimited journeys across the water and road network within a 24-hour window, which starts when you first validate the ticket. The cost is €25.

Three-, five- and seven-day passes: Unlimited travel for 48, 72, and 168 hours costs €35, €45 and €65 respectively. Just like for daily tickets, the time window starts when validating the pass for the first time.

Monthly and annual passes: While tickets are the best option for visitors, getting a monthly or yearly pass would be the best option for a resident. 

Monthly passes for all waterborne routes plus buses in Mestre, Lido and Pellestrina cost €37, whereas annual passes of the same kind go for €370. In both cases, a number of discounts are available for people with disabilities and the elderly.

Unlike standard tickets, monthly or yearly passes must be loaded onto a personal Venezia Unica travel card, which must be purchased at one of the city’s Venezia Unica sales points (it’s not available for sale at vending machines and smaller ticket offices around the city).  

Venezia Unica holders also have access to heavily discounted tickets (for instance, €1.50 instead of €9.50 for a single).

That said, the card activation fee is €100 for anyone living outside of the Veneto region. A breakdown of current card activation fees can be found here

Where can I buy tickets?

You can purchase tickets and passes from automatic vending machines located next to some of the bigger vaporetto stops. 

They are also on sale at ACTV sales points, and many newsstands and tobacconists (look for the ACTV sign outside) around the city.

You can also buy digital tickets on the AVM app.

Alilaguna

Alilaguna is a private transport company that operates a total of three lines variously connecting Venice and other islands, such as Murano, Burano and Lido, with the Marco Polo Airport.

Though they use the same docks as ACTV vaporetti, Alilaguna boats are not part of the same network, so they aren’t covered by ACTV passes.

READ ALSO: Five ‘secret’ places in Venice you need to visit

The cost of a one-way Alilaguna ticket from the Marco Polo airport to Venice (and vice versa) is €15 

This includes one suitcase and one personal bag. 

Further info can be found here.

Water taxis 

Water taxis are by far the fastest (and most comfortable) way of getting around Venice. 

Unfortunately, they’re also the most expensive option, with the price depending on the distance of your journey, time of day, and whether you’ve hired the taxi at a pier or requested one by telephone.

A water taxi ride from Venice’s Marco Polo Airport to the city centre generally costs over €100, while fares from the Santa Lucia railway station or Piazzale Roma bus station to the city centre are between €65 and €100.

Despite costing a pretty penny, water taxis can usually fit up to 10 people, meaning that if you’re travelling as part of a large group, costs are more accessible. 

You’ll find taxis waiting at piers all over the city, including outside the Santa Lucia railway station and near major attractions, but you can also book a trip by phone. 

A water taxi passes in front of Venice's Palazzo Grassi museum

A water taxi passes in front of Venice’s Palazzo Grassi museum. Photo by MIGUEL MEDINA / AFP

It’s worth noting that a number of unlicensed taxis are known to operate across the city, especially during peak holiday season. Licensed water taxis in Venice have a yellow stripe with a licence number on one side. 

Ferries

Traghetti (plural for traghetto) are large, unadorned gondola ferries shuttling people from one side of the Grand Canal to the other in under a minute. 

As there are only four bridges running across the 4-kilometre-long Grand Canal, traghetti can be a handy service for pedestrians and tourists looking to save some time.

There are seven traghetto stations along the Grand Canal, flagged by yellow street signs. The cost of a ride is €0.70 for residents and €2 for tourists.

Gondolas

Gondola rides are the most romantic way to experience Venice’s canals, piers and waterside palaces. 

However, they’re more of a leisurely tourist activity rather than a practical way of travelling around and the prices reflect that.

Tariffs for a 30-minute daytime private ride (not shared with other people) range from €80 to €100.

Moving around on foot

Venice is one of Italy’s most pedestrian-friendly cities, not least because there are no motorised vehicles and bicycles to be found on its narrow streets (calli).  

READ ALSO: Five essential tips to escape the tourist crowds in Venice

Venice is also a surprisingly small island and it ‘only’ takes between 45 and 60 minutes to go from one end to the other. 

That said, the city’s alleyways, squares and bridges can often get very crowded during peak tourist season, which is far from ideal if you’re in a bit of a rush and need to get to your destination as quickly as possible.

Do you have any advice for dealing with Venice’s public transport system? Let us know in the comments section below.

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