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Frenchman leading Brexit negotiations starts new job

Frenchman Michel Barnier officially starts work as the European Commission's Brexit negotiator on Saturday in an appointment that British media called a "declaration of war".

Frenchman leading Brexit negotiations starts new job
Photo: AFP
Loathed in parts of London for taking on the banking sector when he was a commissioner, Barnier insisted after his appointment by Commission chief Jean-Claude Juncker in July that he will be fair to all sides in what promise to be difficult talks.
   
The 65-year-old former French minister will begin his job with a grand tour throughout the autumn of the 27 European Union capitals — minus London — to canvass their views on the historic divorce.
   
“During this first stage he will proceed with a round of consultations with member states,” Juncker's spokesman Margaritis Schinas said on Friday, although Barnier will not speak to the press until November.
   
Barnier has already visited Berlin for “constructive” talks with foreign minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier on Thursday, and met with Juncker, European Parliament chief Martin Schulz and the parliament's own Brexit pointman Guy Verhofstadt on Tuesday.
   
But Britain may remain off his itinerary until it formally triggers the two-year separation process from the EU, with the rest of the union insisting there can be “no negotiation without notification”.
 
'Most dangerous man in Europe'
 
British Prime Minister Theresa May has kept the rest of the EU guessing as her government tries to work out what it wants in terms of access to the single market and migration, saying she will not trigger the split until 2017 at the earliest.
   
British newspapers reacted with alarm after Barnier's appointment, given his 2010-14 stint as EU financial services commissioner, which put him at odds with free-wheeling London bankers after the financial crisis.
   
But both Brussels and London are playing down talk of bad blood.
   
“At that time I was called the most dangerous man in Europe, and (yet) finally we succeeded to build a clever global financial regulation agenda, with the UK on board,” Barnier told a conference in Brussels on September 7.
   
“So it's possible, and my line will be… to reach a win-win agreement” for both sides on Brexit.
   
British officials said they were “relaxed” about his appointment and that contrary to local media reports he was regarded in London as more of a friend to Britain than a foe.
   
Barnier is also well acquainted with Britain's new Brexit minister, the eurosceptic David Davis, as both were Europe ministers for their respective countries in the 1990s.
 
Barnier may have informal talks with Britain's ambassador to the EU before any formal meeting with May, European sources said, adding that “exploratory” contacts were a good idea to set the scene for official negotiations.
 
Turf war 
 
Barnier — who has spent the last two years working on security issues for Juncker as Europe faces a wave of jihadist attacks — will head a “Brexit task force” featuring what Juncker called “the commission's best and brightest”.
  
His new deputy, Sabine Weyand, is a senior Commission trade official from Germany and is expected to take charge of the nuts and bolts of an eventual deal while Barnier deals with the politics.
   
But Barnier already finds himself in an EU turf war involving the same issues of national sovereignty that played such a big role in the campaign for Britain's EU referendum in June.
   
Member states want the talks to be run by the European Council, which groups the 28 EU leaders under former Polish premier Donald Tusk, and not by the European Commission.
   
But Juncker's Commission, the executive arm of the EU, is pushing to be the main player, and it has the European Parliament's support for that, European sources say.
   
Parliament meanwhile asserts that it must have the final say on any Brexit deal, as it is the only one of the main three EU institutions that is directly elected by the public.

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BRITS IN FRANCE

Thousands of Brits still move to France despite post-Brexit paperwork

Moving to France has become a lot more complicated for Brits since Brexit, but latest French immigration data shows that thousands of them still move here.

Thousands of Brits still move to France despite post-Brexit paperwork

The days of EU freedom of movement are over for UK nationals (unless they also have the passport of an EU country) and now moving to France requires first getting a visa and then requesting a carte de séjour residency card once here.

Getting a visa comes with a raft of requirements including proof of being able to be financially self-sufficient via either a job, a pension or savings.

READ MORE: EXPLAINED: How to apply for a visa to France

However it seems that these requirements are not putting off everyone – and around 9,000 Brits made the move to France in 2023.

French statistics

The French interior ministry has published its provisional immigration data for 2023, which provides the first clear post-Brexit picture of how many Brits move to France.

Although the Brexit transition period ended at the end of 2020, figures on residency cards from 2021 and 2022 include British long-term residents in France being issued with a residency card under the Brexit Withdrawal Agreement.

The figures from 2023 therefore provide the first clear indication of how many Brits move to France since Brexit.

And thousands did – 9,261 UK nationals were issued with a first-time carte de séjour residency card in 2023. Although this number may include a small number of family members of British residents who were resident before Brexit, the great majority of these are people moving to France for the first time.

READ MORE: 10 things to do before moving to France

It is not possible to compare this with pre-Brexit patterns since before the UK left the EU Brits were not required to get a visa or residency card to live in France, and there is therefore no comparable data.

How many Brits live in France now?

The interior ministry data does, however, give an idea of the total number of Brits living in France – prior to Brexit, this was difficult to estimate due to EU freedom of movement. 

In 2023, French authorities noted that there were 166,314 Brits holding residency cards in France, a 2.5 percent increase from 2022, when there were 161,194.

The real figure is probably slightly higher because it does not include Brits who have dual nationality with an EU country – eg British-Irish or British-French dual nationals – since they are not required to have a residency card. 

In 2020, a study by the French national statistics body, INSEE used pre-Brexit data and estimated that there were 148,000 Britons in France. This also found that a large number of Brits in France were in western and south-west France, particularly in départements of Charente, Dordogne and Haute-Vienne.

READ MORE: Which part of south-west France is the top ‘dream destination’ to move to?

Brits becoming French

In 2023, 1,522 Brits gained French nationality, with 767 going via décret (by residency) while another 755 gained French nationality via déclaration, the category for those who are either married to a French person or can prove family ties (eg parent of a French child).

In comparison, in 2022, 2,206 Brits became French, and in 2019, 3,557 did.

Acquiring French citizenship is a long process – the application takes an average of between 18 months and two years, while those applying through residency need to have lived in France for five years (cut to two years if they have completed higher education in France).

The post Brexit period saw a spike in Brits applying to become French – many had lived in France for many years but had never considered it necessary before since they already had the right to live in France.

What Brits do in France

Unfortunately, the data did not specify the types of residency cards given to Brits in 2023. 

However, Eurostat data from 2022 did break down first time residency permits into four categories; work, study, family reunification or ‘other’ – which includes retirees and others who don’t intend to work or study in France.

READ MORE: ‘Not all gin-swilling pensioners’ – What are Brits in France really doing?

While their data differs slightly form the interior ministry numbers, they found that a little under half (3,182 out of 7,927) of first-time residency cards for Brits were work-related.

After that, students came in second place, with 1,901 came to study in 2022.

France has been working hard to market itself as an international study destination and around 400,000 foreign students come here each year. It is the fourth most popular country for foreign students – and the top non-English speaking country.

Although Brexit has made studying in France more complicated for British students, the fact that French is still widely taught in British schools makes it a natural destination for those who want to study abroad.

READ MORE: How easy is it to move to France if you don’t speak French?

The third biggest group of Brits was the ‘other’ category which includes retirees and had 1,760 people. Meanwhile, 1,084 people came via family reunification – ie joining a spouse, partner or parents already resident in France, according to Eurostat.

How do Brits compare overall?

In comparison to general immigration data, Brits are somewhat different and are more likely to move to France to work than to study.

In 2023, the interior ministry data for all non-EU nationals moving to France showed that the largest group were students. After that, the second largest category was ‘family’ related residency cards, and the third was work-related.

Brits reverse that trend being most likely to move to France to work.

As for the number of Brits moving to France, there are fewer Britons coming here than Americans. In 2023, 12,153 Americans were issued a first-time residency card – although that number includes a significant number of students doing a study abroad programme who don’t actually intend to make France their home.

Brits come in 10th place for the largest nationality represented in new residency cards issued, behind Indians who made up 9,819 first-time cartes de séjour. Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, China and the United States were the top five (in order).

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