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IMMIGRATION

Eight face charges over Austria migrant truck deaths

Hungarian police will seek charges against eight suspects after completing a probe into the deaths of 71 migrants and refugees found in a truck in Austria last year, in a case that sent shockwaves through Europe.

Eight face charges over Austria migrant truck deaths
The truck in which the bodies were discovered. Photo: Andi Schiel

“The investigation has been completed… Police will recommend to prosecutors that they press charges against eight suspects,” said Zoltan Boross, head of the police's anti-migrant trafficking unit.

In total, seven Bulgarians and an Afghan — considered the ringleader — have been remanded in custody over the gruesome tragedy.

Four are accused of manslaughter, while another four could face charges of organised human trafficking, Boross told journalists in Budapest. A further three suspects remain at large, he added.

The badly decomposing bodies of the 71 people were found inside an abandoned refrigerator truck in a layby in Burgenland state, close to the Hungarian border on August 27th, 2015.

The stench of human decay emanated from the container where bodies lay piled on top of each other, crammed into a small rectangular space. Among them was a baby girl, not even a year old.

Budapest took over the case last November, because the 59 men, eight women and four children were thought to have suffocated while the lorry was still in Hungary.

Investigations revealed that the migrants — mostly from Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan — had been picked up at Hungary's border with Serbia and transported to Austria via Budapest.

An autopsy showed they had most likely died from lack of oxygen shortly after leaving the Hungarian capital.

“The perpetrators knew by the time they crossed the Hungarian-Austrian border that the passengers were dead,” Boross said.

The case sparked international revulsion, highlighting the plight of desperate people putting their lives in the hands of traffickers.

“This was a tragic example of how ruthless the criminal gangs are,” said Robert Crepinko, the anti-smuggling chief of Europe's police agency Europol, at the press conference in Budapest. “We see a number of criminal gangs operating across Europe making their profits regardless of the risks put on migrants lives.”

The continent's worst migration crisis since World War II has turned people smuggling into a booming criminal market, generating up to €6 billion a year, according to Crepinko.

The Budapest-based ring was a professional network with more than 15 vehicles used to transport refugees who were trekking up from Greece along the western Balkans to reach western Europe.

The group had smuggled more than 1,100 people from Hungary into Austria since February 2015, charging between 1,100 and 1,500 per refugee, investigators said.

The Afghan ringleader had arrived as an asylum-seeker in Hungary in 2013 and was granted protection status.

He had Afghan helpers in Serbia — another key transit country on the Balkan migrant trail — who brought the migrants to the Hungarian border.

Of the 71 victims found in the truck, all except one have been identified. Most were repatriated to their home countries, while a dozen have been buried at a Muslim cemetery in Vienna.

IMMIGRATION

‘Shift to the right’: How European nations are tightening migration policies

The success of far-right parties in elections in key European countries is prompting even centrist and left-wing governments to tighten policies on migration, creating cracks in unity and sparking concern among activists.

'Shift to the right': How European nations are tightening migration policies

With the German far right coming out on top in two state elections earlier this month, the socialist-led national Berlin government has reimposed border controls on Western frontiers that are supposed to see freedom of movement in the European Union’s Schengen zone.

The Netherlands government, which includes the party of Dutch far-right leader Geert Wilders, announced Wednesday that it had requested from Brussels an opt-out from EU rules on asylum, with Prime Minister Dick Schoof declaring that there was an asylum “crisis”.

Meanwhile, new British Prime Minister Keir Starmer of the left-wing Labour Party paid a visit to Rome for talks with Italian counterpart Georgia Meloni, whose party has neo-fascist roots, to discuss the strategies used by Italy in seeking to reduce migration.

Far-right parties performed strongly in June European elections, coming out on top in France, prompting President Emmanuel Macron to call snap elections which resulted in right-winger Michel Barnier, who has previously called for a moratorium on migration, being named prime minister.

We are witnessing the “continuation of a rightward shift in migration policies in the European Union,” said Jerome Vignon, migration advisor at the Jacques Delors Institute think-tank.

It reflected the rise of far-right parties in the European elections in June, and more recently in the two regional elections in Germany, he said, referring to a “quite clearly protectionist and conservative trend”.

Strong message

“Anti-immigration positions that were previously the preserve of the extreme right are now contaminating centre-right parties, even centre-left parties like the Social Democrats” in Germany, added Florian Trauner, a migration specialist at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, the Dutch-speaking university in Brussels.

While the Labour government in London has ditched its right-wing Conservative predecessor administration’s plan to send asylum seekers to Rwanda, there is clearly interest in a deal Italy has struck with Albania to detain and process migrants there.

Within the European Union, Cyprus has suspended the processing of asylum applications from Syrian applicants, while laws have appeared authorising pushbacks at the border in Finland and Lithuania.

Under the pretext of dealing with “emergency” or “crisis” situations, the list of exemptions and deviations from the common rules defined by the European Union continues to grow.

All this flies in the face of the new EU migration pact, agreed only in May and coming into force in 2026.

In the wake of deadly attacks in Mannheim and most recently Solingen blamed on radical Islamists, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz’s government also expelled 28 Afghans back to their home country for the first time since the Taliban takeover of Kabul.

Such gestures from Germany are all the more symbolic given how the country since World War II has tried to turn itself into a model of integration, taking in a million refugees, mainly Syrians in 2015-2016 and then more than a million Ukrainian exiles since the Russian invasion.

Germany is sending a “strong message” to its own public as well as to its European partners, said Trauner.

The migratory pressure “remains significant” with more than 500,000 asylum applications registered in the European Union for the first six months of the year, he said.

‘Climate on impunity’

Germany, which received about a quarter of them alone, criticises the countries of southern Europe for allowing migrants to circulate without processing their asylum applications, but southern states denounce a lack of solidarity of the rest of Europe.

The moves by Germany were condemned by EU allies including Greece and Poland, but Scholz received the perhaps unwelcome accolade of praise from Hungarian right-wing Prime Minister Viktor Orban, Moscow’s closest friend in the European Union, when he declared “welcome to the club”.

The EU Commission’s failure to hold countries to account “only fosters a climate of impunity where unilateral migration policies and practices can proliferate,” said Adriana Tidona, Amnesty International’s Migration Researcher.

But behind the rhetoric, all European states are also aware of the crucial role played by migrants in keeping sectors going including transport and healthcare, as well as the importance of attracting skilled labour.

“Behind the symbolic speeches, European leaders, particularly German ones, remain pragmatic: border controls are targeted,” said Sophie Meiners, a migration researcher with the German Council on Foreign Relations.

Even Meloni’s government has allowed the entry into Italy of 452,000 foreign workers for the period 2023-2025.

“In parallel to this kind of new restrictive measures, they know they need to address skilled labour needs,” she said.

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