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HEALTH

MAP: These are the areas of France under curfew

Some 46 million inhabitants in France must be home by 9pm, following a strict nighttime curfew that entered into effect in 38 new départements this weekend.

MAP: These are the areas of France under curfew
Toulouse's streets were empty after 9pm this weekend, as the southwestern city obeyed a nighttime curfew set in place to slow down the spread of Covid-19. Photo: AFP

In total 54 of the country's 96 mainland départements are now on a nighttime curfew.

The curfew runs from 9pm to 6am and during that time people are only allowed out of their homes for essential reasons and everyone must carry a permission form stating their reason for being out.

This is in response to a worsening health situation in France with spiralling numbers of cases and an increasing number of hospitals reporting that intensive care units are filling up with Covid-19 patients.

You can find the form HERE.

Breaking curfew can earn you a €135 fine or a €3,750 fine and six months in jail for repeat offenders.

READ ALSO What you need to know about France's nighttime curfew

Some of the parts of France worst-affected by Covid-19 were placed under curfew on Friday, October 16th, and a large tranche of others joined them on Friday, October 23rd.

The nine areas which went into curfew in the first wave – coloured dark blue on the map – are the whole of the greater Paris Île-de-France region and the metropole (city and surrounding urban areas) of Lille, Lyon, Saint-Etienne, Grenoble, Aix-Marseille, Montpellier, Rouen and Toulouse.

The newly added 38 départements are coloured mid blue on the map.

Just to add extra confusion, the majority of the curfew zones in the first phase were done on a metropole basis, while the second phase concerns entire départements.

So for example in the Rhône département, currently only the city of Lyon and its suburbs are affected, but from midnight on Friday the restriction extends to cover the whole département.

The areas covered pale green on the map currently have no curfew in place.

However even non-curfew zones still have restrictions in place. The 'rule of six' on gatherings in private spaces extends to the whole country, although this is a government recommendation rather than an actual rule so you won't have gendarmes knocking on your door to count your dinner guests.

READ ALSO What you should know about France's 'rule of six'

And masks are compulsory in all public enclosed spaces such as shops and public transport, while most towns and larger cities have also made them compulsory on the street.

Areas on level 1 have no curfew, level 2 entered curfew on October 23rd and level 3 entered curfew on October 16th.

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HEALTH

French health authorities warn of risk of ‘epidemic’ from mosquito-borne disease

French health authorities have sounded the alarm about the 'fairly high risk' of an epidemic of mosquito-borne illnesses in the next five years in France.

French health authorities warn of risk of 'epidemic' from mosquito-borne disease

ANSES (Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail), the French body for environment and health safety – published a report on Friday finding that France is at a ‘fairly high risk’ of epidemics linked to tiger mosquitoes.

Tiger mosquitoes (Aedes albopictus) are known for their ability to carry dangerous diseases such as dengue, chikungunya and Zika virus. These diseases can be dangerous, but deaths are rare in countries where people have access to good healthcare.

So far, the insect has been detected in 78 of France’s 95 mainland départements – gradually spreading north as global temperatures warm.

READ MORE: MAP: Tiger mosquitoes reach northern France

ANSES wrote in their report that “in the next five years, an epidemic of mosquito-borne illnesses has a probability between 6 and 7, on a scale of 0 to 9.”

In terms of when the ‘epidemic’ level is reached, one of the two coordinators of the study, Émeline Barrès, explained in the report: “We talk about an epidemic when it is not possible to link all the infected people to one single outbreak.

“This means that the transmissions are beyond the control system.”

ANSES also added that “the emergence of an epidemic depends on a number of factors.

“These include the presence of tiger mosquitoes in the country, climatic conditions favourable to their reproduction (in particular the accumulation of hot days over a given period and rainfall), the arrival of infections in people from areas where viruses are circulating, and the effectiveness of measures to combat tiger mosquitoes and the transmission of viruses.”

What would happen if there was an epidemic?

Experts expressed concerns in a number of areas.

“In the event of an epidemic, the current means to prevent and monitor mosquito-borne illnesses would become overwhelmed”, the researchers wrote.

They also referenced fears about the health system being under strain if a large number of cases were to occur over a wide area, as well as impacts on the tourism industry.

Anses also recommended that local authorities be vigilant in ensuring that under-served populations have access to information, prevention resources and care, out of concern that an epidemic could exacerbate social inequality in France.

What is the current risk?

In recent years, cases of dengue and chikungunya have increased in mainland France.

From May 1st to September 10th, France reported 1,372 imported cases (meaning they were contracted outside of mainland France) of dengue fever.

READ MORE: How serious is the threat from dengue fever in France?

Health authorities also reported 13 imported cases of chikungunya and three of (imported) Zika virus.

Imported mosquito-borne illnesses in France tend to involve people who recently visited the Caribbean islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe – where the such diseases are endemic.

These islands are for administrative purposes part of France – so often show up in French health data – but they are roughly 7,000km away from Paris.

As for cases contracted in mainland France, local transmission remains rare.

In 2024, there have so far been 46 reported cases of locally transmitted (indigenous) dengue fever, according to Santé Publique France. There has been one case of ‘indigenous’ chikungunya so far in 2024.

In terms of location, the majority of these local infections have occurred in southern France.

Screenshot from Santé Publique France of a map of indigenous outbreaks of mosquito-borne illnesses in France.

In 2023, there were nine separate outbreaks of indigenous dengue transmission were identified, one of which occurred in the Paris region. These led to 45 cases of local transmission (in mainland France).

Until recently, researchers had been unable to identify contaminated mosquitoes, despite the presence of local transmission, but in 2023, researchers managed to trap tiger mosquitoes in the Drôme département who were carrying the virus. 

What steps can people take to stop the spread of tiger mosquitoes?

Anses noted that in addition to collective action and a response from health authorities, individuals can also take steps.

These include;

  • Regularly emptying outdoor bowls or receptacles filled with water in order to prevent them from becoming mosquito breeding areas
  • Covering rainwater collectors with mosquito netting
  • Protecting yourself by wearing long, loose-fitting, light-coloured clothing and by using insect repellent.

READ MORE: How to prevent the spread of tiger mosquitoes in France

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