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FLOODS

‘I lost everything’: Dazed residents clean up after northern Italy floods

As waters recede after devastating floods in Italy's Emilia Romagna region, residents said they were lucky to be alive as they began a long journey back to normality, shovelling mud out of their homes and throwing away soaked furniture.

Volunteers clean mud from a flooded courtyard in Emilia Romagna
Volunteers shovel mud out of a flooded courtyard in Faenza, Emilia Romagna. Photo by Andreas SOLARO / AFP

“I lost everything except for these pyjamas,” said Fred Osazuwa, bewildered and covered in mud, as he surveyed the mess left of his home after Italy’s deadly floods.

“But me and my family, we are alive. I thank god…we are OK,” the 58-year-old told AFP in Faenza, one of the hardest-hit areas after heavy rains caused devastation across the northeastern Emilia Romagna region.

READ ALSO: Italy’s flood death toll rises to 14 as government urged to act on climate

At least 14 people have been confirmed dead in the floods, the latest a man in Faenza, a picturesque city usually surrounded by green pastures and vineyards but this week left largely underwater.

Emilia Romagna residents clearing their flooded houses

Soggy furniture and personal belongings are piled up in a muddy courtyard in Faenza, Emilia Romagna. Photo by Andreas SOLARO / AFP

Standing in thick mud, Osazuwa described how his kitchen was submerged after flood waters rose by two metres in just a few hours.

Now he and his wife, helped by friends, have brought out the fridge, washing machine, food and piles of clothes as they try to clean up inside.

In the building opposite, Tommaso Conti goes back and forth with his broom, trying to make a dent in the mud and water that filled the cellars when the nearby Lamone river burst its banks.

READ ALSO: EXPLAINED: Why has flooding in northern Italy been so devastating?

“We started early this morning and will probably be working all day,” said the 21-year-old, adding that they were hoping a tractor would come to help them soon.

This is not his own home, “but we know people who live here and it seemed right to lend a hand”, he said.

A resident walks down a muddy street in Faenza

A resident walks down a muddy street in Faenza, Emilia Romagna. Photo by Andreas SOLARO / AFP

Half a year’s worth of water fell in just 36 hours earlier this week, causing almost two dozen rivers in the region around Ravenna, Cesena and Forlì to burst their banks, submerging neighbourhoods and huge tracts of farmland.

In Faenza, as elsewhere, many of the 60,000 residents have pulled together to try to restore some sense of order in their water-logged streets and homes.

READ ALSO: How you can help people affected by flooding in northern Italy

“We have already done a good job, the situation has improved in two days, but we still have to clean everything up,” said 34-year-old student Yuri Galeotti.

A digger adds to a pile of mud-covered furniture in Faenza

A digger adds to a pile of mud-covered furniture in Faenza, Emilia Romagna. Photo by Andreas SOLARO / AFP

He considers himself “lucky” to live on the third floor of his building – the basement was flooded, but water did not reach his apartment. “All the neighbours who are on the ground or first floors had two metres of water, and everything has to be thrown away,” he said.

On the road behind him, breakdown vehicles remove cars submerged or swept away in the floodwaters. Further down the street, a family use shovels and brooms to try to clear the debris, with little effect.

Mud clings to everything, and it starts to rain again.

By AFP’s Hélène Dauschy

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FLOODS

Which parts of Italy are most at risk of flash floods?

Several parts of Italy have been hit by severe flooding in recent years. But why are floods so frequent in the country and which areas are more exposed to them?

Which parts of Italy are most at risk of flash floods?

In mid-September 2024 large parts of Italy’s northeastern Emilia Romagna region were once again hit by floods which forced the evacuation of over 1,000 residents, as well as the temporary suspension of school classes and rail services in the worst-affected areas. 

But this incident was only the latest in a long series of devastating flash floods that have hit Italy in recent years. 

The Emilia Romagna region was struck by two deadly flooding events in the space of two weeks in May 2023.

Around six months later, in early November 2023, eight people were killed and hundreds evacuated after torrential rain caused rivers in the central Tuscany region to burst their banks, leading to severe flooding.

Why are floods so frequent in Italy? 

According to the latest available data from environmental organisation Legambiente, Italy saw some 510 flooding events from January 2010 to September 2022, 88 of which happened in 2021.

Experts say Italy’s vulnerability to flooding events lies partly in its morphological features as there is often relatively little space available for flood waters to spread out across the territory due to it being limited by mountain ranges (or hills) on one side and the sea on the other.

This means that flood waters are likely to accumulate in relatively small areas, with water levels continuing to rise as a consequence.  

READ ALSO: What you should do when there’s a flood warning in Italy

But the country’s natural susceptibility to flooding events is often exacerbated by human activities, including high levels of urbanisation and land consumption, which reduces the ground’s ‘permeability’ – that is to say its capacity to absorb excess water.

Finally, extreme weather events, including prolonged bouts of torrential rain, have become more frequent and intense in Italy in recent years due to climate change. Italy recorded 378 such events in 2023, up by 22 percent against 2022.

Which parts of Italy are most at risk of flooding?

According to Italy’s Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (Ispra), 14 percent (around 42,000 square kilometres) of the country is at low risk of flooding, 10 percent is at medium risk, and 5.4 percent is at high risk.

The remaining areas are labelled ‘no risk’, meaning that flooding events are highly unlikely. 

But national figures don’t allow for an overview of where at-risk areas are located around the peninsula, which is why it’s worth analysing regional data. 

According to Ispra, Emilia Romagna, in the northeast of the country (see map below), is the Italian region with the highest percentage of at-risk land, with 47.3 percent (this includes high-, medium- and low-risk areas). 

Ispra experts say this is partly due to the presence of small watercourses that run along “narrow riverbeds” and through “morphologically depressed areas” (or lowlands).

Emilia Romagna is followed by Veneto (32.2 percent), Friuli Venezia Giulia (21.5), Tuscany (21.2) and Lombardy (20,3).

When it comes to high-risk areas alone however, the southern Calabria region ranks first as 17.1 percent of its territory is considered to be at alto rischio.

Calabria is followed by Emilia Romagna (11.6 percent), Veneto (10), Friuli Venezia Giulia (9.6) and Lombardy (7.9). 

A general view of a flooded street in Conselice, near Ravenna, in May 2023

A general view of a flooded street in Conselice, near Ravenna, in May 2023. Photo by Andreas SOLARO / AFP

Finally, when looking at provincial data, Ferrara (Emilia Romagna) and Rovigo (Veneto) are Italy’s most flood-prone provinces as at-risk areas (including high-, medium- and low-risk areas) cover 99.9 and 99.1 percent of their territories respectively. 

Ferrara and Rovigo are two of a total of seven provinces in Italy where the percentage of at-risk land exceeds 50 percent of the provincial territory. 

The others are Ravenna, Venezia, Mantua, Reggio Emilia and Bologna.

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