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QURAN BURNINGS

EXPLAINED: What might happen next in Sweden’s Quran-burning crisis?

Sweden's government has grown increasingly anxious and the country's terror readiness has been stepped up after recent protests involved the burning of the Quran. With talk of more provocative acts to come The Local looks at what might happen next.

EXPLAINED: What might happen next in Sweden's Quran-burning crisis?
Sweden's foreign minister Tobias Billström meets journalists after briefing the parliament's foreign policy committee on the actions being taken to contain the crisis. Photo: TT

What new protests have been granted permission? 

A woman has been granted permission to hold a protest outside the Israeli embassy in Stockholm at midday on Friday. She has said that she intends to burn a copy of the Torah, the Jewish scripture which contains the first five books of the Hebrew bible, which, according to the Talmud, were written by the Prophet Moses. 

According to Sweden’s public broadcaster SVT woman has said that the protest is “a demonstration for the rights of children in Sweden which are being systematically transgressed.”

She plans to set fire to a copy of the book with a lighter. 

While some Jews use the Torah as a ritual object, desecrating a Torah does not have the same significance for the vast majority Jews as desecrating the Quran has for Muslims.  

A 31-year-old man who had applied for a permit to burn the Quran outside Iran’s embassy this Saturday withdrew his application on Tuesday and apologised, according to public broadcaster SVT.  

Salwan Momika, who burned a Quran outside Stockholm’s main mosque, and kicked a copy of the book outside Iraq’s embassy earlier this month, has told SVT that he plans new protests, but police say that so far none has been granted .

“There are no new permits. There are some applications of that kind, but it changes all the time,” Daniel Wikdahl, from the Stockholm police, told The Local. “People make new applications and they have second thoughts, and it’s a number that changes all the time. As we speak, there’s no permit issued for this weekend, but things can happen.”

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What is the government doing? 

Sweden’s government on Thursday ordered 15 government agencies to strengthen the country’s ability to prevent terrorism, in response to the protests involving desecration of the Quran, with the Swedish PM saying he was “extremely worried”.

Sweden’s foreign minister, Tobias Billström, said he was working hard to smooth diplomatic relations with Islamic countries and protect staff based overseas, after he briefed the parliament’s foreign policy committee on Thursday. 

So far, though, the government appears unwilling to enter into dialogue with Muslim representatives in Sweden to better communicate to the Muslim population how seriously it takes the desecration of the holy book of Islam. 

“Right now, we are seeing a total absence of dialogue from the government,” said Muharrem Demirok, the leader of the Centre Party, who describes himself as a “secular” or “cultural” Muslim. “You can stand up for the freedom of expression, freedom to demonstrate and freedom of association, while at the same time showing understanding of people’s feelings.” 

What is the terror threat situation? 

Sweden’s National Centre for Terrorist Threat Assessment still estimates that threat level at level three in Sweden’s five-point threat scale, meaning “a raised risk”, but Charlotte von Essen, the head of Sweden’s security police, said on Thursday that “it would not take much” for the Säpo to rause the level to four, a “high threat level”. 

What are Muslim leaders in Sweden calling for? 

Muslim leaders are calling on Sweden’s government to give interviews to the Arab language media to explain why it is difficult to stop protests involving burning the Quran under Swedish law. 

“It would be good if the prime minister called a meeting to lay out what we can do to make Swedish society better,” Tahir Akan, chair of the Swedish Muslim Association, who is calling for a ban on the burning of holy scriptures, told SVT.

“We’re not just talking about the Quran, but about all holy books. Religion is important for some people, and in a country which has democracy, we should protect both identity and religious freedoms. It would be good if the prime minister called a meeting where we could lay out how we could make Sweden better.” 

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QURAN BURNINGS

Three ways Sweden could make it easier to stop Quran burnings

A new report recommends amending Sweden's Public Order Act to allow the police to prevent Quran burnings in the interest of national security.

Three ways Sweden could make it easier to stop Quran burnings

The inquiry commission mandated by the Swedish government to look into whether applications for demonstrations with planned Quran burnings could be rejected on the grounds that they present a threat to national security presented its recommendations on July 5th.

The commission announced that Sweden’s Public Order Act could be amended to allow the police to prevent Quran burnings, citing national security concerns.

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The government set up the commission in response to violent protests in Muslim countries triggered by Quran burnings in Sweden in recent years.

These events included the storming of the Swedish embassy in Baghdad in July 2023 and an increased terrorist threat against Sweden, prompting the authorities to investigate how the police could consider national security when deciding on permits for public gatherings, including demonstrations.

Commission recommendations

The investigation, led by Mattias Larsson, the Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention (Brå) head, concluded that the laws could be adjusted to allow the police to factor in Sweden’s security without violating constitutional or European laws.

Its report (which you can read in full here) presented three potential approaches.

The first approach would allow the police to impose conditions on the time or place of the gathering or outright refuse permits if the event is likely to pose a significant threat to national security, such as acts of terrorism or crimes threatening Swedish interests abroad.

The second suggested that the police could set conditions other than timing or location to safeguard national security, such as banning specific acts during the demonstration, like burning books.

The third approach proposed amending the rules to give the police more power to set conditions for the time and place of the gathering without introducing new security considerations.

All three options aim to increase the ability to cancel a public gathering if necessary to protect life and health during the event. 

These legal changes are intended to take effect on July 1st, 2025, after a period of consultation.

The broader context

The move comes after Denmark passed legislation in December 2023 criminalising the “inappropriate treatment” of religious texts, effectively banning Quran burnings.

Despite this, Sweden’s Justice Minister, Gunnar Strömmer, has previously argued against following Denmark’s approach, emphasising the importance of free speech and existing laws against hate speech.

Strömmer’s stance reflects the Swedish government’s belief that a flat-out ban is unnecessary.

Instead, the focus has been on reviewing the Public Order Act to ensure that national security considerations can be integrated into decisions about demonstration permits.

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