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GERMANY AND UKRAINE

Scholz urges further talks after Saudi-led Ukraine summit

German Chancellor Olaf Scholz on Sunday welcomed a recent Saudi-led summit on a peace settlement to end the fighting in Ukraine, and called for further diplomatic efforts.

Scholz urges further talks after Saudi-led Ukraine summit
Germany's Chancellor Olaf Scholz talks to the press as he arrives for the first day of a summit of European Union-Community of Latin American and Caribbean States Summit (EU-CELAC) at The European Council Building in Brussels on July 17, 2023. Photo: Emmanuel DUNAND/AFP.

Representatives from around 40 countries including China, Germany, India and the United States took part in last weekend’s gathering in Jeddah, though Russia was not invited.

“It makes sense for us to continue these talks, because they increase the pressure on Russia to realise that it has taken the wrong path and that it must withdraw its troops and make peace possible,” Scholz said in his annual summer interview with German broadcaster ZDF.

Similar international talks to discuss a path towards peace also took place in Copenhagen in June.

Scholz called the talks in Denmark and Saudi Arabia, held at the level of foreign policy advisors, “very special”.

“They are very important and they are really only the beginning,” Scholz said.

Ukraine on Monday said it was “satisfied” with the Saudi summit during which Kyiv sought to drum up support for its 10-point peace plan, including the full withdrawal of Russian troops from Ukrainian territory.

Moscow meanwhile said a peace settlement was only possible if Kyiv put down its arms.

More than a year after Russia’s invasion, Ukraine launched a highly anticipated counteroffensive in June after stockpiling Western weapons. But it has struggled to make headway in the face of stiff Russian resistance.

Kyiv has repeatedly asked Berlin for long-range Taurus cruise missiles to boost its efforts, but Germany has so far resisted amid concerns the weapons could reach Russian territory and widen the conflict.

Scholz reiterated in the interview that Germany was now the second-biggest supplier of military assistance to Ukraine after the United States.

But on the issue of sending Taurus missiles to Ukraine, the chancellor remained vague. “As in the past, we will always review every single decision very carefully, what is possible, what makes sense, what can be our contribution,” Scholz said.

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GERMANY AND UKRAINE

German politicians want to cut benefits for Ukrainian refugees

A growing number of FDP and CDU/CSU politicians have called for the end of Bürgergeld - Germany's long-term unemployment benefit - for Ukrainian refugees. Here's the background on the debate.

German politicians want to cut benefits for Ukrainian refugees

FDP Secretary General Bijan Djir-Sarai is calling for reduced state benefits for Ukrainians fleeing the Russian war of aggression to Germany. 

“Newly arriving war refugees from Ukraine should no longer receive Bürgergeld in the future, but should fall under the Asylum Seekers Benefits Act,” FDP Secretary General Bijan Djir-Sarai told the Bild newspaper.

Similar demands have repeatedly come from the conservative CDU/CSU as well as the pro-business Free Democratic (FDP) parliamentary group.

Bürgergeld, or citizens’ allowance is a long-term unemployment benefit which amounts to €563 per month. It is granted to Ukrainian refugees when they register in Germany if they are unemployed, as opposed to a €460 per month benefit which is granted to all other asylum seekers who successfully apply for it. 

Other asylum seekers also face more obstacles entering the labour market. 

What’s the debate around Bürgergeld for Ukrainian refugees?

Brandenburg’s Interior Minister Michael Stübgen (CDU) criticised the payment of citizen’s allowance to Ukrainian refugees, suggesting that the benefit disincentivises incoming Ukrainians from taking up work. 

FDP’s Djir-Sarai told Bild: “We have a shortage of workers everywhere – for example in gastronomy, construction or care. We should no longer finance unemployment with taxpayers’ money, but must ensure that people get into work.”

The labour market policy spokesman for the SPD, Martin Rosemann, disagrees, countering that citizen’s allowance and access to Germany’s job centres gives Ukrainian refugees the necessary support they need to access the labour market.

According to the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF), 80 percent of Ukrainian refugees in Germany are women. Just under half of these live with children who are minors, and the majority have no partner with them.

Last autumn, the German government announced an effort to enable refugees to find work more quickly. The plan involved placing 400,000 refugees in jobs directly from their language courses, including around 200,000 from Ukraine. According to figures from April, about 160,000 Ukrainian refugees have been brought into work since the beginning of the Russian war of aggression.

Recent EU election results showed a strengthening of far-right and far-left parties that have been critical of Germany’s economic and military support of Ukraine. 

READ ALSO: ANALYSIS – What do Germany’s far-right gains in EU elections mean for foreigners?

Whereas support for Ukraine and Ukrainian refugees has been largely supported by members of the traffic-light coalition, some members of CDU/CSU and FDP parties may be repositioning themselves on the issue in light of a perceived shift in public opinion.

Different systems for refugees in Germany 

Since the beginning of Russia’s war against Ukraine, some have criticised what they see as a two-tiered asylum system in Germany, where war refugees coming from countries such as Syria, West Asia or Africa face a longer and more complicated asylum-seeking procedure.

One example of this is seen in the granting of citizen’s allowance. Refugees from Ukraine have been able to receive basic security benefits in Germany since June 2022 (then Hartz IV, now citizen’s allowance) – instead of the lower benefits granted by the Asylum Seekers Benefits Act. 

According to state and federal actors, the reason for this difference was that refugees from Ukraine are directly entitled to a residence permit and do not have to wait for a decision, as is the case with asylum seekers.

Ukrainians who land in Germany are also permitted to work immediately. As with other residents, they are only entitled to Bürgergeld if they have low income or no income.

READ ALSO: ‘Happy to work here’ – How refugees in Germany are helping labour shortage

With reporting by DPA.

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