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JOHN LICHFIELD

OPINION: After the elections, the battle for the soul of France begins

Stripped of the noise and confusion of the campaign, Sunday's second round of voting will in many places be a straight choice between a candidate of the Far Right and a candidate of the anti-Far Right 'republican front' - writes John Lichfield. It will show whether French voters do truly want a Le Pen government - and will kick-start a long and chaotic battle over the future of France.

OPINION: After the elections, the battle for the soul of France begins
The elections have shown a deeply divided France. Photo by JEFF PACHOUD / AFP

President Emmanuel Macron has finally got his way.

For months he has been attempting to engineer a referendum on the Far Right. French voters insisted on making the European elections and the first round of parliamentary elections a referendum on him.

In Round Two on Sunday, Macron’s question can no longer  be avoided. In more than 300 of the 501 constituencies still in play, there will be a straight fight between the Rassemblement National and a candidate of the so-called “Republican Front”, the makeshift anti-Far Right alliance between former sworn enemies of Left and Centre.

Listen to John and the team from The Local discussing the election latest on the Talking France podcast – download here or listen on the link below

Over 200 of these constituencies were potential three-way battles after Round One. Scores of third-placed candidates of the Left alliance and the Macron centrist alliance have now withdrawn, willingly or under duress, to allow their better-placed former rivals a clear run against the populist-nationalist Right.

Stripped of all the noise and confusion of the campaign, Sunday’s vote is therefore a simple affair. Does France want to be governed by the anti-European, pro-Russian, still fundamentally racist Rassemblement National? 

Ask the experts: How far right is Rassemblement National?

Does it want to be led by a 28-year-old Prime Minister, Jordan Bardella, who is an impressive purveyor of sound-bites and a darling of Tik-Tok but has never run anything but his mouth?

An avalanche of polls and seat projections in the last two days suggests that the answer will be “no”.

All polls still say that the Far Right and their centre-right quisling allies will form the largest single bloc in the new National Assembly on Sunday. All now agree  that Marine Le Pen and Jordan Bardella will fall far short of the 289 seats needed for an overall majority and well shy of the 260 or so seats which might, with difficulty, form the basis of a governing coalition.

On Monday, when I forecast that the RN would NOT form the next French government, I defied the ambient mood of much of the national and the foreign media. The conventional wisdom has shifted in my direction.

That makes me uneasy. Hundreds of candidates have stood aside. The pollsters have polled. But the voters have yet to vote.

Many of the key battleground constituencies will be very close on Sunday night. Polls suggest that as many as half the first round voters of the Left and Centre are unwilling to vote tactically for their former enemies of Centre and Left.

The transfer of less than half of the third-placed votes should  be enough to defeat the Far Right in many constituencies. It will be insufficient or produce a coin’s toss result in others.

One of the most pivotal Republican Front v Far Right constituencies is my own in south western Calvados. In Round One, the sitting Macronist deputy, the former Prime Minister, Elisabeth Borne, was pushed into second place by a relatively unknown candidate of the Rassemblement National, Nicolas Calbrix.

The young man who came third, Noé Gauchard, candidate for the hard-left La France Insoumise, withdrew immediately without waiting for national pacts or fronts or instructions.

“It’s hard from me to withdraw for Elisabeth Borne, the woman who manipulated through the pension reform,” he said.

“But that does not compare with fascism.”

In Round One, the RN candidate took 36.26 percent of the vote, Borne 28.93 percent and Guichard 23.16 percent. Most of the rest went to other Far Right candidates (3 percent) and a centre-right candidate (7 percent) Borne therefore needs around 40 percent of the Left vote to win in Round Two.

She should win. It will be very close.

I spoke to one of the few people who live in the constituency who is not white.

I will call him Ahmed. “If I was not a Muslim I would probably vote for Bardella,” he said. “People are very angry. There are some I know who can only afford to eat one meal a day. The Far Right message – no one cares about you but us – may be false but it strikes home.

“I voted for the Left in Round One and I will vote for Borne, with no pleasure, in Round Two but only because I am  a French-born Muslim and I know what damage Le Pen and Bardella can do to my country. Many other people here don’t care about all that.”

The Rassemblement National mocks the Republican Front as the last-stand of the “elite” – an alliance “against nature” which stretches from the anti-capitalist, Mélenchon Left to the Globalist Macronist Centre. Some voters of the Left, and not just the Left, secretly agree with them.

Others, like Noé Guichard and Ahmed, will see Sunday’s vote as a moral stand against a destructive, mendacious and incompetent Far Right.

Marine Le Pen also argues that the Republican Front is a denial of democracy. Her party topped the poll last Sunday with an unprecedented 33.3 percent of the vote. She and Bardella therefore have right to govern, she says.

But France is not Britain. In a first-past-the post, one round system, we would be facing the first far right government in France since 1944. Keir Starmer won a landslide for Labour on Thursday night with only slightly more of the popular vote (about 35 percent) than the RN won last weekend.

The French two-round system may be laborious and arcane but it does give voters a chance to correct blunders and avoid calamities. The political establishment may have “conspired” to create the Republican Front but no one can force voters to support it on Sunday night.

Despite my misgivings, I believe they will. That will not be a “denial” of democracy. It will be the healthy reaction of the two-thirds or so of the French electorate which does NOT want government by mendacious, incompetent and frequently racist charlatans.

France will plunge instead into at least 12 months and possibly three years of confusion and disarray before the next Presidential election. Whatever government can be concocted from Sunday’s results will struggle to respond to the genuine distress of part of the electorate.

In 12 months or three years’ time, Le Pen and Bardella will blame once again a conspiracy of the establishment – not their rejection by a majority of voters – for their failure to bring their destructive and incoherent ideas into government.

I believe that they will be defeated on Sunday but that will be just the beginning of a long and crippling battle over the future, and the soul, of France.  

Member comments

  1. I had thought Macron’s plan was to put them into that limited position of power that resides with the PM and deputés so as to expose their incompetence
    As it is I can’t see what good story the sensible parties will have to offer in 3 years time

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For members

ELECTIONS

French far right blasts ‘alliance of dishonour’ as left celebrates shock win

In the aftermath of his party's unexpected loss in France's parliamentary elections, the far-right leader Jordan Bardella, called the left and centrist alliance a 'dishonour', while left-wing leaders say they are ready to govern.

French far right blasts 'alliance of dishonour' as left celebrates shock win

Preliminary results for France’s snap parliamentary elections give the left-wing coalition – Nouveau Front Populaire, which combines the La France Insoumise, Parti Socialiste, Greens and Communist Party – the largest share of seats in France’s Assemblée Nationale in Sunday’s election.

President Emmanuel Macron’s centrist coalition came in second place, followed by Marine Le Pen’s far-right Rassemblement National (RN), which had been predicted to win a majority.

The team from The Local will be discussing all the latest developments in a special episode of the Talking France podcast, out on Monday.

Follow our latest coverage of the election here.

READ MORE: What happens next in France next after bombshell election results?

Here’s the reaction from across the political spectrum in France.

Far right

The head of the RN, Jordan Bardella, considered the most likely candidate to become Prime Minister should the party have won an absolute majority, dubbed the left-wing and Macronist camps’ alliance to block the far-right a “dishonour”.

He said: “The alliance has deprived the French people of the recovery policy that they voted for in large numbers” and has “thrown the French into the arms of the far-left”.

“Tonight everything begins. An old world has fallen, nothing can stop a people who have started to hope again,” Bardella said during his speech at the campaign headquarters following the vote results.

Former presidential candidate Marine Le Pen also spoke to the French news channel TF1 on Sunday night shortly after the results were released.

“The tide is rising. It has not risen high enough this time, but it continues to rise and, therefore, our victory is only delayed,” she said on TF1.

“I have too much experience to be disappointed by a result where we double our number of deputies”, she added, noting that initial estimates show the RN with between 120 to 152 MPs, in comparison to the 89 they won during the last parliamentary elections in 2022.

The left 

The NFP was expected to have between 172-215 MPs in parliament, putting them in first place.

While crowds gathered in celebration across the country, notably at the Place de la République and Stalingrad in Paris, leaders expressed their views.

The founder of the left-wing La France Insoumise party and three-time presidential candidate, Jean-Luc Mélenchon said that the “[French left] is ready to govern”.

READ MORE: Who will be France’s next prime minister?

“Our people have clearly rejected the worst-case scenario,” Mélenchon said, adding that “the defeat of the President of the Republic and his coalition has been confirmed,” and that Prime Minister Gabriel Attal should step down.

The leader of the centre-left Parti Socialiste (PS) Olivier Faure urged “democracy” within the left-wing alliance so they could work together.

“To move forward together we need democracy within our ranks (…) No outside remarks will come and impose themselves on us,” he said in a thinly veiled criticism of Mélenchon.

As for Raphael Glucksmann, MEP and co-president of the smaller pro-European, centre-left Place Publique party in the alliance, he said: “We’re ahead, but in a divided parliament… so people are going to have to behave like adults (…) people are going to have to talk to each other.”

Former French presidident, François Hollande, who was elected MP for the Corrèze département for Parti Socialiste, said that it was now up to the “NFP to seek, and if it can, to bring together other political families”, even though that would be “very difficult”. 

And despite losing his seat in the first round, the head of the Communist Party, Fabien Roussel said: “The French people are asking us to succeed. And we accept this challenge”.

The centre

The prime minister, Gabriel Attal, gave a speech on Sunday night, recognising the centrists’ defeat and discussing plans to offer his resignation.

“The political party that I represent, even though it achieved a score three times higher than predicted in recent weeks, does not have a majority.

“So, in keeping with republican tradition and in accordance with my principles, tomorrow morning I will hand in my resignation to the President of the Republic,” Attal said.

He added that he will stay in the position as long as necessary.

President Macron did not make any announcements following the results, but an aide told AFP that the president preferred to analyse the full results before jumping to conclusions.

The president is confident “and is not going for a small majority”, the aide said. “The question now is who is going to govern and have a majority.”

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