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OPINION AND ANALYSIS

OPINION: Why ending violence against women will be a tough task in Italy

Italy’s government has announced measures to tackle a culture of ‘machismo and sexism’ following yet another femicide, but recent history shows why it will be hard to change attitudes, writes Silvia Marchetti.

OPINION: Why ending violence against women will be a tough task in Italy
Tens of thousands of people in Rome marched to demand change on November 25th, the international day for the elimination of violence against women. But is change coming any time soon? (Photo by Alberto PIZZOLI / AFP)

Every night lately the evening news is once again flooded with reports on the most recent atrocious crime against a woman, dubbed in Italian ‘femminicidio’.

It’s a bit frustrating to see how the media treat these murders as if they were something always ‘new’ when they are actually really, really old. It’s like playing a broken record: each year so many women die in this way. 

It’s as if all of a sudden people wake up and realise that there is too much violence against women, and policy-makers understand last-minute that they have to do something about it.

READ ALSO: Giulia Cecchettin: How Italy is facing up to gender violence after student’s murder

I remember when several years ago there was a big fuss over a new law against stalking, which apparently has led nowhere given the fact that violent crimes against women keep rising, with 105 killed so far this year according to the latest official data. 

It is going to be really hard to overcome this problem, no matter how many laws or how many police procedures are put in place to prevent femminicidi

The real issue is that such violence is still deeply ingrained in Italian society, particularly in the mentality of Italian men who have been accustomed for millennia to viewing women as inferior beings – be it their girlfriend, wife, mother or sister. 

I was shocked a couple of days ago when, following the recent murder of yet another woman, I heard on the news that one young boy threatened to inflict upon his girlfriend the same ‘punishment’ if she did not shut up and behave according to his wishes. He told her “you will end up like she has, dead”. And this boy was just a teenager. 

Few people know that up until as recently as 1981 Italian law envisaged the so-called delitto d’onore which allowed men to actually kill the woman or wife who had betrayed them with another man, or who had simply ‘attacked’ their reputation or ‘honour’, and receive a heavily reduced sentence.

In many areas in Italy, for example the deep south, it is no secret that fathers tend to be still very possessive of their daughters and of their wives. 

Protesters in Milan hold a banner reading 'If tomorrow it's me, if tomorrow I don't come back, sisters, destroy everything!' on November 22nd.

Protesters in Milan hold a banner reading ‘If tomorrow it’s me, if tomorrow I don’t come back, sisters, destroy everything!’ on November 22nd. Photo by Piero CRUCIATTI / AFP.

I remember when my grandparents told me about this delitto when I was a little girl, it sounded like it was part of some kind of cruel mafia story. I thought it was just a crazy ritual that still survived in remote areas of Sicily or Sardinia. 

But actually it was nationwide, and even though Italy had already approved the law in favour of divorce, the delitto d’onore was something still very much alive, and legal, until I was born. 

So this makes me wonder how we can expect Italy’s new generations to think ‘violence free’, without stereotypes of gender against women.

Even though today’s youth was born after the abolishment of the Italian honor crime, it takes a long time for society to fully absorb such change and mould it into a new mindset.

READ ALSO: Italian schools to tackle ‘machismo and sexism’ after student’s murder

I still believe the key to changing the general mentality is by working on the young generations at an early stage, but even then, what kind of social ’rehab’ could be introduced remains a conundrum. 

The recent announcements by the government about education programs in schools left me quite baffled. Do we need to see a woman die every day for the government to rethink key policies? 

Unfortunately I believe this initiative is going to make little difference, at least in the short term. It sounds to me like too little, too late. 

It really all comes down to the family, which is the nucleus of society, especially in Italy. If there is no social education within the home, then how can we expect teachers to deliver such education at school, where kids only spend a few hours per day?

If parents, and fathers and older brothers in particular, continue making ‘funny’ jokes about women or displaying biased gender views, I’m afraid things will never change.

Perhaps the only way is to empower women with more knowledge on how to pre-emptively recognise violent men and take action against them. It would also be extremely helpful to educate police authorities on how to speedily intervene at the appropriate moment without wasting precious days once a woman has made a stalking complaint. 

The trouble is, as we so often see in news reports, and as I know from personal experience, too many cops are biased men with their own questionable attitudes towards women.

Member comments

  1. Idiots like Andrew Tate don’t help with the issue either. The Australian Government from next year is funding a program called the “Healthy Masculinities Project”. It’s main objective is to combat the influence Andrew Tate has over young men, in particular with his brand of message with the way he views women. Unfortunately as long as there are hateful people like Tate with a huge following and his warped view of women, there will always be men who don’t respect women.

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HEALTH

OPINION: Why changing your doctor in Italy can be a nightmare

Italy is known for its bureaucratic challenges but changing your doctor will likely give you the biggest headache of them all, writes Silvia Marchetti.

OPINION: Why changing your doctor in Italy can be a nightmare

I know from personal experience that one of the worst things anyone can go through in Italy is having to deal with changing one’s family doctor (medico di famiglia or medico di base).

It is the public general practitioner paid by taxpayers’ money and assigned to locals and foreigners by the Health Ministry based on their residency. 

After being followed by the same doctor since the age of 19, mine just recently retired, vanishing into thin air without saying anything or giving any public notice or announcement.

Not even an email, and my family frequently contacts him for medicine prescriptions. He should have, by law, widely publicised his retirement among his 1,000 patients, but nearly everyone, like me, all of a sudden found themselves doctor-less and without the possibility of continuing their medications. Not even those with chronic diseases.

READ ALSO: The key Italian vocabulary you’ll need for a visit to the doctor

When I called him, he apologised saying he had hung a small note at the entrance of his studio a week before leaving, but somehow most patients missed it. He then forwarded the contact of his replacement, a new doctor in town, but she couldn’t take any more patients on board as she had already reached her quota assigned by the health authorities. 

So I had to re-register as a ‘brand new’ patient with another unknown doctor in my area, and to do so I had to go to the local health unit (ASL), queue up for the required paperwork, and then meet the new doctor. That’s when I discovered that there were no pre-existing records nor files about my medicines, as if I had never existed, and my new doctor had to create a new profile. 

This left me totally baffled. It is unacceptable that with modern technology and centralised databases doctors can’t share patient information or leave records when they go.

I wonder what was the whole point of setting up the fascicolo sanitario (health file) to keep track of patients’ data if it appears to be of no use

Unfortunately, there is very little people can do to avoid what I went through, I’m afraid. It’s one of those Kafka-style, typical Italian hassles foreigners often find themselves trapped in. And if it’s a nuisance for Italians, it’s even more so for outsiders to the perverse logics of the Italian system. 

READ ALSO: Five tips to help you survive a trip to the Italian pharmacy

Unless you’re on really good terms with your doctor and he or she has always told you what their retirement year will be, all you can do is ask them every once in a while if they intend to retire anytime soon. Word of mouth helps, especially in small villages, where everyone knows each other and might also personally know the doctor and what their plans are. Gossiping at the bar, the barber and butcher, or while shopping for groceries, could be a good way to keep up to date with evolving situations. 

But there are no real tips I can give to totally avoid going through the hell of changing doctor in a last-minute emergency and not of your own volition because even the local health units have no clue as to when doctors will decide to retire. 

Italy is a country of old people, doctors paid by the state tend to regularly extend their practice so they get higher pensions when they eventually retire.

However, friends and neighbours can help too. If you hear from reliable sources that your doctor will be leaving their job in a couple of months, it is advisable to change even before he or she retires so as to avoid finding yourself in unpleasant situations. Also, to make it smoother, it’s always helpful to visit the health unit regularly to see if any new, young general practitioner has just arrived in town and has zero patients so lots of space to take you and your entire family on board before the quota is reached. 

I hope that going forward it will be the local health unit that communicates by email to each patient when a doctor retires. 

Do you agree with Silvia? Share your own views about the challenges of changing doctors in Italy. 

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