Alexandersson, 36 and a veteran of 109 international appearances, suffered the injury in the win over Greece on Tuesday which saw him go off in the closing stages.
The IFK Gothenburg star is now a doubt for the final Group D match with Russia on June 18.
Fredrik Stoor, 24 and with just six caps, is set to deputize against the Spanish.
Sweden have already lost midfielder Christian Wilhelmsson with a thigh strain suffered against the Greeks from their squad.
With the tournament under way players withdrawing through injury cannot now be replaced and teams must make do with what they have.